Sediment: Tiny pieces of material that develop from different rocks, of living things. Deposition: The process of sediment in the water that goes out by either wind or water. Compaction: The procedure in which time compresses sediments together. Cementation: The method in which crystallization takes place in dissolved minerals, and keeps pieces of sediment together. Clastic Rock: A type of sedimentary rock that is created when tiny pieces of rock are compressed together. Organic Rock: Created from the leftovers of plants/ animals are left and formed into big, thick layers. Chemical Rock: Created from dissolved materials that have crystallized either by time, or as an experiment.
Outline
From Sediment to Rock
Sedimentary rocks form from pieces of other materials deposited by wind and water
Erosion
Destructive forces are always breaking/wearing away rocks
Deposition
Eventually erosion forces slow down and deposit the sediment
After sediment is deposited, compaction+cementation change it into a rock
Living things may turn into fossils in the rock
Compaction
First sediment is loose, then it gets pushed together by new sediment
This happens for years
Sometimes the sediment layers are visible
Cementation
Minerals in rock dissolve in water
This makes it like "glue," hardening the rock
Types of Sedimentary Rocks
Clastic Rocks
Some rocks of made only of other rocks
Shale
Forms from tiny clay pieces
Is so compact that no "glue" is needed
Splits evenly, kind of like cleavage
Sandstone
Sandstone is formed from pieces of sand
Sandstone has many small holes because it is so lo0osely packed
Conglomerate and Breccia
Sometimes clastic rocks have big and small rock sizes
Breccia are rocks with sharp edges
Conglomerate are rocks with rounded edges
Organic Rocks
Organic rocks form from the remains of plants and animals
Coal
Coal is created from swamp plants
The plants form layers;then take years to form coal
Limestone
Limestone forms from skeletons and hard shells
Chemical Rocks
Chemical rocks are formed when minerals crystallize
They can also be formed from solutions
This process creates many common rocks
Uses of Sedimentary Rocks
There are many uses of limestone
The white house is made of sandstone, and so is the Taj Mahal!
Table of Contents
5.3 Sedimentary Rocks (pg. 144)
Vocabulary
Sediment: Tiny pieces of material that develop from different rocks, of living things.Deposition: The process of sediment in the water that goes out by either wind or water.
Compaction: The procedure in which time compresses sediments together.
Cementation: The method in which crystallization takes place in dissolved minerals, and keeps pieces of sediment together.
Clastic Rock: A type of sedimentary rock that is created when tiny pieces of rock are compressed together.
Organic Rock: Created from the leftovers of plants/ animals are left and formed into big, thick layers.
Chemical Rock: Created from dissolved materials that have crystallized either by time, or as an experiment.
Outline
From Sediment to Rock
- Sedimentary rocks form from pieces of other materials deposited by wind and water
ErosionDeposition
- Eventually erosion forces slow down and deposit the sediment
- After sediment is deposited, compaction+cementation change it into a rock
- Living things may turn into fossils in the rock
Compaction- First sediment is loose, then it gets pushed together by new sediment
- This happens for years
- Sometimes the sediment layers are visible
CementationTypes of Sedimentary Rocks
Clastic Rocks
- Some rocks of made only of other rocks
Shale- Forms from tiny clay pieces
- Is so compact that no "glue" is needed
- Splits evenly, kind of like cleavage
Sandstone- Sandstone is formed from pieces of sand
- Sandstone has many small holes because it is so lo0osely packed
Conglomerate and BrecciaOrganic Rocks
- Organic rocks form from the remains of plants and animals
Coal- Coal is created from swamp plants
- The plants form layers;then take years to form coal
LimestoneChemical Rocks
Uses of Sedimentary Rocks
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